The Current Challenging Global Economic Environment Essay

Uncertain economic times In the current challenging global economic environment, there is downward pressure on sales and margins. The overall effect is an adverse impact on the bottom line, leading to lower profits or even losses. In such times, reigning in costs and expenses are even more crucial. Let s explore some cost control strategies that could help a company adapt and survive through the current uncertain economic times, as well as to position it strongly for the upturn. Broadly, we could look at them as financial and people strategies. Financial strategies BALANCE SHEET There are 3 aspects in a company s balance sheet which we could look for cash flow and cost saving opportunities: Accounts Receivables (credit) Management Most businesses offer credit to customers. The related costs of credit to a company include the cost of financing (borrowing cost or opportunity cost for funds tied up), cost of running credit operations, cost of time to chase for debts, cost of bad debts and cost of debt recovery (legal fees). This area is particularly critical given the present tight credit situation faced by many companies. By invoicing promptly and accurately, a company can ensure that its debt collection process is timely and efficient and that crucial cash flows are received promptly from customers. Having a robust credit management process will help a company reduce the risk of slow payments. In particular, through rigorous credit screening and taking earlyShow MoreRelatedAbc Company - 1 Essays1236 Words   |  5 Pagesmaking cedar roofing and siding shingles, introducing the new project to build cedar dollhouses by shingle scrap materials for reaching $3  million annual sales within the next 3 years. Expla in the overall risk profile of the ABC Company  based on current economic and industry issues. In order to help out the CEO I prepare  reports that will contain the information regarding the project. These statements refer to the accompanying Excel spreadsheet as well as word documents. The statements are; Cash FlowRead MoreInternational Trade And Trade Agreements Essay1396 Words   |  6 Pages Global business is defined as the buying and selling of goods and services by people from different countries (McWilliams Williams 2010). It also has to do with international trade and trade agreements. Corporations that own businesses in two or more countries are called multinational corporations (McWilliams Williams 2010). Most of these global businesses main headquarters are found in the United States or the United Kingdom. Expanding to a global market is quite a complex process and businessesRead More Ecofeminism- Links the domination of women and the domination of nature.958 Words   |  4 PagesExpanding Feminist Activism Ecological Feminism: local/global activism Ecofeminism- Links the domination of women and the domination of nature. Ecofeminism places importance on our connection as people of one earth and also recognizes how women have been, historically in the capitalist patriarchy, labeled as subordinate in relation to the dominating body. The environment falls into this subordinate category because it continues to be pressed and used to benefit the man machine. It may beRead MoreResearch Essay On Global Pollution1172 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Essay on Global Pollution The global pollution is one of the major hazards human civilization is confronted with at present. Few issues in the history of mankind had such a pronounced and universal effect on the entire population of our planet, its environment, flora and fauna. Pollution is a problem that also needs to be analyzed and handled in terms of its perspectives in the future, both short- and long-term. Pollution is defined as the process and result of the introduction of foreignRead MoreErp Systems : Integrated Information System1598 Words   |  7 PagesSnider et. al. (2009), ERP is a system where it stores various department data in central repository. ERP – Enterprise Resource Planning is integrated information system software where the different core business processes are processed in real-time environment. Mabert et. al. (2003) ERP systems gives access to real time data based on seamless integration of cross functional data with improved business practices, better workflow and standa rdization of various day to day business processes. ERP softwareRead MoreEconomic Crisis In Spain755 Words   |  4 Pages Spain After experiencing a prolonged recession due the global financial crisis that began in 2008, Spain started to experience a positive economic growth in 2013 that contributed to the end of the financial crisis that the country was submerged in. Spain GDP (per capita) started growing slowly from a $31,992.8 in 2012 to a $36,443.2 in 2016, almost a 0.9% increase (Refer to table for details). In 2013, the year following the crisis, the government successfully shored up struggling banks; and, inRead MoreEssay about PESTEL Analysis986 Words   |  4 PagesSelling goods in the global marketing is extremely challenging. Discuss the major political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, legal and ecological challenges that a global marketing manager may have to contend with? The following analysis known as the PESTEL analysis is a framework used to scan the organization’s external macro environment which refers to forces that are part of the larger society and affect the micro environment. Selling and marketing goods in the global market intensifiesRead MoreA Report On The Chinese Nuclear Industry1232 Words   |  5 Pagesthe only nation to increase their capacities. This thesis gives a detailed overview of the Chinese nuclear industry, including its challenges and opportunities. 1.1 Background China as the fastest growing economy worldwide, is currently facing a challenging time to meet the energy demand of their population (Dalpino, 2005, p. 46). The heavily populated Eastern region is often subject to electricity outages (Sternfeld, 2010, p. 4), as the used electricity is mainly generated in the less densely populatedRead MoreNV Philips Case Study.1223 Words   |  5 PagesCase Study Philips NV. 1. Describe changes in Philips environment occurring during the 1960s and 1970s (a) Philips operates in a very competitive market domestic and internationally. There have been various changes over the last decade, with the emergence of the company from a position near economic failure to a well-known brand that is still lacking in performance. From the 1960s onward, a number of significant changes took place. Due to the efforts of the GATT General Agreement on TariffsRead MoreControversial Decisions: Funds Spent on Education in New Jersey731 Words   |  3 Pagesthe surplus of damage in the poorer districts, but it is quite possible that parents in more affluent areas could offset some of those cuts for their children. No. 2. The primary economic goal for the United States in regard to trade is to increase the amount of exportation. This objective was announced by the current president in 2010; a mandate and leadership group (the Export Promotion Cabinet and the National Export Initiative) were both created to double the amount of exports from $1.56 trillion

The Theory Of Systems Engineering - 1585 Words

Systems engineering emerged as a formal discipline in the late 1990s, responding to both a rapidly increasing rate of technological product development, and a growing complexity within the products developed. Product prototypes developed in the late 19th century took over four times as long to reach a quarter of their market as similar prototypes developed in the late 20th century, with the average penetration time over the last 140 years dropping from 44 years to 17 years. Poorly-designed systems rushing to market with that speed will easily sink not only entire products, but also the organizations that own them. To help the engineering industry at large avoid such catastrophes, the International Council on Systems Engineering codified a generic but comprehensive collection of best practices and guiding principles for systems engineering in the Systems Engineering Handbook. The Handbook is a living document, originally published in 1994 and updated numerous times over the past twent y years to respond both to advances in the field of systems engineering, and to audience evolution (as system design migrated from a primarily national-defense-oriented discipline to a more broadly-applicable approach for building systems of all kinds). This paper focuses on the processes that support systems engineering, as described in Chapters Three and Seven. Chapter Three introduces the concept of â€Å"life-cycle stages† for all systems, noting that â€Å"[e]very man-made system has a life-cycle,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Introduction to Industrial Engineering643 Words   |  3 PagesIndustrial engineering is how to design, process, and install manufacturing system and industrial management in order to get a good performance. Industrial Engineering is concerned with the design, improvement and installation of integrated system of men, materials and equipment. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skills in the mathematical, physical sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict and evaluate the results to be obtainedRead MoreMasters Program : System Control And Mechatronics1082 Words   |  5 PagesI am writing to expressing my interest in masters program System Control and Mechatronics at your University. I appreciate this opportunity and would like to express my st rong motivation for this master course The modern complex technological world needs new perspective to current field of subject, the way we view the subject inherently changes the way see the problems . The roots of such concepts lie in a number of ideas that resonate through modern discourse- the ideas of a unified scienceRead MoreScientific Management: Taylor and the Gilbreths1254 Words   |  6 Pagesprocesses. 1. fig. 1 Frederick Winslow Taylor Frederick Winslow Taylor is considered the creator of scientific management. * Scientific management, or Taylorism, is a management theory that analyzes work flows to improve economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. This management theory,  developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor,  was dominant  in manufacturing industries  in the 1880s and 1890s. * Important components of scientific management include analysis, synthesis, logicRead MoreCase Analysis : Incident At Morales1189 Words   |  5 Pages1. Incident at Morales â€Å"Incident at Morales† is a video that presents an engineering ethics story. It was developed and produced by the National Institute for Engineering Ethics, in conjunction with Murdough center for Engineering Professionalism at Texas Tech University. In addition to this, a lot of funding came from other companies, engineering universities, societies, as well as individual contributors. The main focus of this video is the ethical responsibilities that engineers have to face alongRead MoreDesire to Study Industrial Engineering in Operations Research and Information Systems852 Words   |  4 PagesIndustrial Engineering, particularly in the advanced studies based on Operations Research Information Systems. By applying cross-disciplinary approach in solving complex engineering problems with specific technical aspects and through analysis of managerial and economic factors, I will prepare myself to serve as an efficient industrial engineer or manager for business in the globa l arena. The courses during my undergraduate studies taught me the basic engineering concepts in theory and practiceRead MoreThe Principles Of Software Engineering1269 Words   |  6 Pages ITECH3501-6501 – Individual Assignment. Student ID : 30131158 Principles of Software Engineering School of Science, Information Technology and Engineering (SITE) Objective: The purpose of this assignment is to enable students to demonstrate their ability to interpret a set of laws that are part of the principles of software engineering, to evaluate principles of software engineering aspects within an industry in relation to the various elements covered, to apply them to a cases drawnRead MoreEngineering Jobs and A Outline of Each Essay617 Words   |  3 PagesCivil Engineering: Civil engineering is primarily concerned mainly with the planning and construction of different facilities (bridges, highways, buildings, dams, railroads, etc.) Civil engineering in Islam was mainly concerned with irrigation and water supply. Four different types of irrigation were developed by Muslims, which are Basin irrigation, perennial irrigation, Terrace irrigation and Wadi irrigation Computer Engineering: Computer engineering deals with the computers (digital gear). ItRead MoreStatement of Purpose for a Program in Electronics Engineering552 Words   |  3 Pagesenticed me to choose engineering as my career. I passed high school at Chinmaya Vidhyalaya with high honours, which ensured my smooth passage into engineering studies Overwhelmed with the prospects it provided, I opted to pursue a course in Electronics and Communication Engineering. My fascination towards communication and networks has aided me to delve into the concepts of the subject so as to gain adequate knowledge in the field of electronics and communication engineering. I firmly believe thatRead MoreSoftware1632 Words   |  7 PagesPrinciple of Software Engineering Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 Boehms First Law 4 Boehms Second law 5 Conways law 5 Parnas Law 6 Corbatà ³ Law 7 Observation 8 Theory 9 Law 9 Question 3 10 Law 11 References 12 Abstract The purpose of the study is to show the capability to understand the set of laws that are the part of principles of the software engineering. In this paper, it is discussed that there are manyRead MoreComputer Engineering And Computer Engineer1169 Words   |  5 PagesA computer engineer is a branch of engineers that have been integrated into electronic engineering and computer science. Computer engineers design and develop computers and other technological devices. What do computer engineers do? First we need to look at another type of computer engineer hich is computer hardware engineer. They research, design, develop and test the computer systems as well as component such as the processors, the circuit board, network and routers, memory devices. An important

An Integrative Work Place Plan

Question: Discuss about theIntegrative Work Place Plan. Answer: Introduction to the Plan The plan focuses on mostly the needs of the older clients who are in most cases have numerous complications that need to be put into considerations to ensure that their needs are taken good scare off. The plan will ensure that the quality of life and wellbeing of older people, together with their families feel free, autonomy and dignity. In the plan, both the physical and mental issues that the aged experience are well catered for which they usually experience in the environments, social and economic life. The plan grants a space to work with older individuals integrate them into the new system and ensure that are at the same levels with other young generations in the organization ready to serve all kinds of people to realize their standard of satisfaction. The skills needed in the plan for it to work entails; understanding the process of aging and its models, the health conditions in the later surroundings, aspects dealing with the end of life and legal frameworks dealing with older generations(Milne, 2010, p. 300). Aspects of the Plan The program is concerned with personalization agenda as the central point. In this regard, planning for every need of the individual especially the older people are given priority. Despite the fact that personal budgets to some extent are expensive, it will ensure that the needs of these people are well taken good care of. The plan will use higher costs in comparison to the initial plan since older clients have many needs that must never be ignored for their satisfaction to be enhanced. In the organization, working with the older people need to be understood that they are eligible for support, some have long-term needs that are so complex and experience difficulties in managing their budget. The group needs to train through workshops, seminars and even vocational studies to ensure that they also fit into the new system. It will make sure that the tension is driven away and therefore efficient service delivery will be realized. In the interpretation of crucial drives in the organizati on such as policy, such clients need to be enlightened since they usually have profound difficulties in interpreting them(Peace, et al., 2011, p. 735). Development of the Work Plan A plan meant to fit all the calibers of the employees and clients especially the older customers who tend to be slow in their way of handling issues. An inclusive plan catering for the needs of such group of people. The program is meant to ensure that the older people live a quality life so that the live more days. A plan that is individualized and comprehensive need made before launching of such plan. The plan that will ensure that such people are educated through vocational training, seminars, workshops just to know the approaches to employ so as to maintain a quality life. The goals of the organization should be the primary target by the employees, and therefore employees encouraged to deliver their best in the workplace(Preston-Shoot Wigley, 2002, p. 302). The work plan, therefore, is designed to ensure that the organization is improved regarding service delivery, employee relationship and even generally for better management purposes. With the work plan, the performance of the employees will advance. The technologies to be applied as mentioned in the work plan is standardized technology. Customers' satisfaction is main drive of the work plan. Therefore, the organizational excellence will be guided by Improving service delivery, Operation to be more efficient reinvest the savings administratively and transformation of the working environment. The clients will be well attended to since the plan aim at putting the customers' needs first before other needs of the organization. Customers will be treated well, given enough time for inquiries and clarifications to give a positive feedback of satisfaction. Working for social older people is not only essential for the health, but also for social care economy. Such that the plan will ensure that the quality of life is maintained so that people continue living(Quince, 2013, p. 14). How the Gerontological Model Supports the Older People Participation The knowledge in the gerontological study ensures that when dealing with the older people, they are treated well at a low pace to make sure that every service given to them is well understood by them. Every business organization whether small, mid-sized or large companies need to know their clients which play a crucial role that determines the success of such organizations' success(Ray Phillips, 2012, p. 9). Older people have the experience and skills since they have lived for many years and therefore know a lot, they work efficiently and ensures that everything done is perfect. Workplace flow and patterns to realize the set goals for such organization, for instance, increased sales and rates of productions. The company is a networking and educational organization targeting at improving the knowledge and professionalism of its members especially the older members and the clients. Hence, there is need to develop a good work plan that will help in guiding the way the organization is g oing to operate so that it runs efficiently. The Working Plan Benefits To highlight the key issues around aging, age-related ill health and disability, and life course influences on later life outcomes that can be addressed adequately by social workers working with older people. Those dealing with older clients too need to be cautious in every process they do; older people are not sharp in handling contemporary issues like technology. There is need to be slow when dealing with such clients. For this to be done successfully, there is need to understand the needs of the customers, their capacity of acquiring information. The knowledge is gained from a gerontological study which equips people with such essential knowledge. The plan will help to ensure that the business builds its case in gerontological social work. The board of management of the organization, need to restructure the organization to ensure that the significant fulfillments of initiatives in the strategic plan of the organization. Integrating the program will ensure that the provision of ser vices to the clients is prioritized and done efficiently hence realizing the goals of the organization. The working environment of the organization will be transformed, targeting to make the team more competitive in the society(Ray, et al., 2014, p. 196). Several Underpinnings Plan There is a constant increase in the size and diversity of the aged individuals with complex long term conditions. There is a linked challenge of promotion of policies, protection and provision of adequate and personalized services to older people. There is another crucial issue of uncertainty whether the plan is an appropriate mechanism to deliver services appropriately to such clients to ensure that their needs are fully catered for. Most of such clients are poor and therefore when making plan need to spare them treat them differently and even as an organization helps them in settling some of their needs which are basic to them. Also, such clients are inflexible changing the patterns of such employees, or customers are not that simple and need much time. One being patient when dealing with the state is the only way to realize the achievements(Richards, 2000, p. 45). Conclusion The organization of the events in the working plan will provide a fascinating insight on the proper delivery of services and efficient working for the success of the team. The plan if well adhered to will lead to proper delivery of services to ensure that clients are satisfied. Older employees being taken slowly in the implementation of the new system will give time for adjustments of the employees so that they improve regarding delivering their best in the new regime hence realizing the set goals of the organization(Rizzo Rowe, 2006, p. 70). The challenge given by the current demographic trends of the aged cannot be underestimated.Increased in life expectancy mostly creates an increased poor living kind of life and therefore such individuals need to be regarded in many occasions to ensure that some of their crucial needs are provided in the plan(Rolls, et al., 2010, p. 653). Recommendations The plan recommends that the management should consider every aspect of the project, follow the plan to the latter. Ensure that they adjust accordingly being flexible for the betterment of the organization. As the organization, it is crucial to realize that most of the older people whether they are working in the system or are clients for the system there is need to treat such individuals in stylish and style kind of approach to ensure they are fully taken good care of. There is need to have a clear perception about the old people, treat them with dignity in the society and always avoid perceiving them as only but problems. In case they do not merge with the contemporary issues, coaching them and training them are paramount activities that will ensure that the issue is put to an end(Rosenfeld Taylor, 2008, p. 24). References Milne, A., 2010. The D Word: Reflections on the Relationship between Stigma and Dementia, Journal of Mental Health, 19(3), pp. 227-233. Peace, S., Holland, C. Kelleher, L., 2011. Option recognition' in later life: variations in aging in place. Aging and Society Journal, 31(5), pp. 734-757. Preston-Shoot, M. Wigley, V., 2002. Closing the circle: Social workers' responses to multi-agency procedures on older age abuse, British Journal of Social Work, 32(3), pp. 299-320. Quince, C., 2013. Low expectations: Attitudes on choice, care, and community for people with dementia in care homes, 1ed ed. London: Alzheimers Society. Ray, M., Milne, A., Beech, C. Phillips, 2014. Gerontological Social Work: Reflections on its Role, Purpose, and Value. Journal of Social Work Advance Access, 22(2), pp. 195-200. Ray, M. Phillips, J., 2012. Social Work with Older People. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Richards, S., 2000. Richards, S. (2000) Bridging the Divide: Elders and the Assessment Process, British journal of social work, 30(1), pp. 37-49. Rizzo, V. Rowe, J., 2006. Studies of the cost-effectiveness of social work services in aging: A review of the literature. Research on Social Work Practice, 16(1), pp. 67-73. Rolls, L., Seymour, J., Froggatt, K. Hanratty, B., 2010. Older people living alone at the end of life in the UK: research and policy challenges. Palliative Medicine Journal, 25(6), pp. 650-657. Rosenfeld, P. Taylor, 2008. EArticulating the evidence base for effective social work practices: Building a database to support a geriatric social work policy. Social Work in Public Health, 23(6), pp. 23-27. Kenneth Deffeyes, 2008. Current Events -Join us as we watch the crisis unfolding. 2nd edition ed. Chicago: Princeton University. Agency for healthcare research and quality, 2005. Strategic plan. 2nd ed ed. New York: department of health care.

King David Essays - Books Of Samuel, Bathsheba, David, Absalom

King David Journal of King David I am still grieving over the loss of my son, Absalom. It has been days since his death and I still ache in my heart for him. My wives remind me of his plans to overthrow my throne, and his attack on Jerusalem. I do not need reminded of these plans, and they do not lessen my love for Absalom. I have only myself to blame for the tragedies that have plagued my family. My shameful dishonor of the Lords law brings my house these evils. My disobediance began the day that I saw Bathsheba bathing from my roof. My Lust for her and had relations with her even though I was aware she was married to Uriah, I should have known that my sins would carry on. I feel shameful even now as I am putting my ink to paper admitting that my sins did not even stop there. When I realized Bathsheba was pregnant with my child, I attempted to first trick Uriah into staying with Bathsheba for a night, so that he would believe the child was fathered by him. When this plan of betrayal did not work, I arranged for Uriahs death in battle. When Uriah was buried I took Bathsheba as my own wife. Why couldnt I see that my sins could not be covered up and swept away? My first sin only multiplied and resulted in the murder of a warrior that faithfully served my kingdom while I committed adultery with his wife. The Prophet Nathan finally showed me my sins, and even to this day I repent them. It was that day, while I wept in sorrow that The Lord spoke though Nathan and told me that my sins would bring evil to my house, and result in the death of my first son by Bathsheba. The Lord is merciful and great in forgiving me of my sins, but I regret that my sins have caused so much pain and suffering for the family that I love. I myself am responsible for my sins against Ur iah as I am also responsible for the city of Nob being destroyed during the time of King Saul. My lies to the priest, who offered me food, and the sword of Goliath in Nob left only the priests son surviving out of an entire town because of Sauls wrath against me. Who was I to believe that I could escape sin because the Lord appointed me King of Israel? My Lord has been good to forgive my sins. The Lord has always been and will be for all time the Rock of my salvation He took me from the pasture when I was young, and made me commander of his people. He destroyed my enemies before me and promised that my family will endure forever. In my life, I made mistakes and have dealt with the consequences. I only hope that the Lord is pleased with what good I have done, for I have worked to please Him, who is always ju Religion

20 Creative Presentation Topics on Online Education

20 Creative Presentation Topics on Online Education Online education otherwise known as e-learning has come to stay and its mainstream acceptance by the corporate and educational industry gives it the legitimacy needed to attract individuals planning to further their education. Today,   majority of the higher institutions in the United States offer online courses to the public and, more importantly, credit in some of these courses are now been recognized by brick and mortar colleges across the world. Interest in online education is at an all-time high because students from every quota of life can now further their education following personal schedules, while professionals can also enroll for courses that help their professional development and attend the corresponding virtual classes after work hours. The phenomenal growth of online education has seen it become a subject matter to be studied and discussed in traditional classrooms. Therefore, once in awhile students may be tasked with drafting a presentation on online education and if you happen to fall into this category, here are 20 cool presentation topics on online education: The State of E-Learning in Higher Education Profitable Uses of Online Education in Government Departments Online Education and its Role in Corporate Learning Online Education as a Catalyst for Reforming Higher Education How Ivy Colleges are Using Online Education Discussing the Emerging Trends in E-Learning How Online Learning Can Reduce the Cost of Higher Education How Online Education Impacts Corporate Training The Impact of Online Learning in Adult Education Online Education vs Traditional Education: The Pros and Cons How Online Education Bridges Learning Gaps Gender Considerations in Online Education The Global Race for Online Learning How Online Education Aids Professional Development Online Learning: A 21st Century Approach to Education How Online Education aids distance learning Busting the Myths Associated with Online Education The Worlds Most Rapid Growing E-Learning Markets Reviewing the Tools that Make Online Education Tick Exploring Gamification as a Teaching Tool in Online Education So we come to the end of the 20 topics you can choose from when writing a presentation or research paper on the topic of online education. Going through the list, I believe you would agree with me when I say these are some cool presentation topics right? If you do, then do not hesitate to read the sample paper based on one of the listed topics above as well as to check on our 10 facts on online education and guide for a creative presentation. How Online Learning Can Reduce the Cost of Higher Education The cost of receiving higher education in the United States has skyrocketed to impossible heights and this has led to questions on the relevance of pursuing a professional course of study through traditional educational channels. The latest numbers on student loan debt puts the overall debt owed in the US at a trillion dollars and this figure does not include loans taken by students currently studying in our Nations Institutes. As student loan debts continue to rise to new heights due to payment defaults and the circle of new students seeking loans, online education is being currently discussed as a mean of reducing the cost of securing an education. To this end, a majority of traditional education institutes have integrated online learning as a means of studying at your own pace while minimizing the money spent in securing an education. This move by traditional institutions has led to a decrease in the cost of receiving higher education as can be seen from the example of Georgia Institute of Technologys online Computer Science masters degree program which costs approximately $35,000 less than the comparative on-ground program. The reasons given for its massive fee reduction includes the fact that students will not have access to on-ground facilities such as libraries, cafeterias, accommodation and utilities which means the University will not need to pay anything for their upkeep and physical comfort. Other reasons include not taking up the time of college professors who will be free to pursue other responsibilities and facility sharing between the University and provider of the Learning Management Systems (LMS) platform to be used. Concern on the cost of receiving higher education led to the formation of the National Center of Academic Transformation (NCAT) which tasks itself on developing policies that simplify education as well as the cost of obtaining one. In order to meet its goals, the NCAT has successfully introduced a paradigm shift in over 100 institutions on how popular courses are taught. The method employed is quite simple and involves the redesign of courses with multiple sections by introducing a single master course that covers every section in record time. The NCATs policy which has received financial support from major organizations including the Sloan Foundation and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, has been quite successful for to the integration of IT techniques and online learning tools. The use of online education by the NCAT has played a huge role in redesigning courses and the sharing of these master courses materials across multiple institutions online platforms. Thereby reducing the cost of higher education as well as the time needed to complete the popular courses most students participate in. Lastly, it is important to also note that as online education and its teaching tools become widely accepted or used in institutions of higher learning, a domino effect will occur and it would lead to a reduction in the fees students pay to enroll at traditional colleges in the near future. References: Justin, F. (2013). 10 Unique Facts about Online Learning. learndash.com/10-unique-facts-about-online-learners/ 8 Battaglino, T. Haldeman, M. and Laurans, E. (2011). The Costs of Online Learning. The Thomas Fordham Institute. http:// www.edexcellencemedia.net/publications/2012/20120110- the-costs-of-online-learning/20120110-the-costs-of-onlinelearning.pdf. Lee, Jr., M. (2011). The College Completion Agenda 2011 Progress Report. College Board Advocacy and Policy Center. http://completionagenda.collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/reports_pdf/Progress_Report_2011.pdf. Babson Survey Research Group: Tracking Online Education in the United States www.onlinelearningsurvey.com/reports/gradechange.pdf Santosh, K. (2013). Surprising Facts about Online Education. http://edtechreview.in/data-statistics/787-surprising-facts-about-online-education-infographic 41 Surprising Facts about Online Students on the Internet.collegeatlas.org/41-surprising-facts-about-online-students.html Kaplan Open Learning: The Facts about Online Education.careerealism.com/facts-online-education/

20 Classification Essay Topics on Globalization

20 Classification Essay Topics on Globalization Welcome to our second guideline, 20 classification essay topics on globalization. In this guide, we are going to discuss 20 relevant topics on globalization. You can choose any one of them to start writing immediately. Of course, we have also shared a sample essay with you that would let you know how an essay should be written. But before you read further, we want you to read our first guide first, if you haven’t read it yet. Reading this guide before that one, may confuse you more which, in result, may hinder you from writing the perfect classification paper  you want written immediately. Our previous guide, 10 facts for a classification essay on globalization, covers what it says. It covers 10 facts on globalization from credible sources. These facts would give you the basic idea of what globalization really is, what are its effects and impacts on the world. After reading this guide, we highly urge you to read our final guide first before heading on to compose your classification essay on globalization. Our third guide, writing guide for classification essay on globalization, talks about the methodologies, formats and outlines of writing and beautifying your essay during the composition. It’s a must read and you shouldn’t skim through it. Without further ado, here are 20 topics on globalization: Negative Impact of Globalization on Underdeveloped Countries The History of Globalization and How it All Started After the Cold War The Risks and Chances of World War III Due to Globalization How Globalization Helped Villages to Convert into Cities How Globalization Is Reducing Lifespans Worldwide Can Globalization Become the Ultimate Weapon to Spread Infectious Diseases? How and Why Globalization Has Increased Child Prostitution in Many Countries The Impact of Globalization on Multinational Companies and Organizations The Role of Globalization on Local Culture, Societies and Religion Values How Globalization Has Provided Greater Access to Foreign Products The Dominance of United States on the World and How it Affects Worldwide The Types of Globalization and its Impact on the World The Reason Why Asian Markets Affect American Markets Political Globalization and its Effect on the World The Relation Between Globalization and Global Warming How Globalization Has Spiked Oil Prices in the Whole World Globalization – How it Encourages Countries to Depend on other Countries for Essential Goods and Services Which Countries Really Initiated the Globalization Process? How Globalization Has Affected Drug and Human Trafficking An In-Depth Classification Essay on Globalization and How it Can Unite the World Great! Now you have 20 topics to choose from and start writing. Here is a sample essay which would assist you in writing better. We have chosen one of the above topics so it becomes easier for you to grasp how a classification essay is really written. Here it is: Sample Essay: The History of Globalization and It’s Start after the Cold War Globalization is the way the world works today. It helps individuals, organizations and countries communicate with each other by bridging almost all kind of gaps. It would not be entirely wrong to state that it is globalization that has helped people come closer, and a lot of credit for this goes to improving technology. Globalization has huge effects and on all four corners. It changes culture, politics, financial growth and success with respect to humans around the world. In two ways, the end of the cold war had a major impact on global leaders, especially those in control of strategy and politics. It highlighted the restrictions on community, highlighting boundaries or maximum capacity of a community. The second effect was freeing of thoughts, as communities started to have global links with each other and the word began to spread. Some major issues back then were of inequality and conflict. The conflict between The Soviet Union and the US started a war where both countries tried to get as militarized as possible. The same issue cause inequality, as some countries grew and had strong military while some were very weak on that front. As a result, the end of the cold era put some countries on a different pedestal and some down. Countries like America, Japan had means to grow economically while some were striving to do better. A major reason for this growth was the growth in technology, including transportation and communication. On the positive note, this growth brought countries together as first world countries made a group of strong countries and third world countries turned to them to improve their economies by learning the latest technologies and growing like others. As the Soviet Union and the US competed to push each other’s government, they helped boost the world economy. But, as stated earlier, this was not evenly distributed. This helped setup future for the rest of the world as both superpowers had their own allies. The US supported Japan, winning an ally and The Soviet Union joined hands with other countries. This alliance gave a boost to the economy overall as each superpower helped its allies strengthen its economy so that it could have help in case things got worse in the future. This resulted in globalization as countries joined forces and also changed loyalties in some cases, at times due to changing economic climate and at times to meet the changing demands. One of the biggest changes was in the education section as countries understood the need to get educated and sent foreign delegates for a transfer of education, not only in the form of humans but also in the form of books and other such items. A small amount of attention was paid to how these various parts of education can be settled in a single layout. This is what put the form of globalization and it is there even today, but in a more progressive manner. There you have it. You now have 10 facts for a classification essay on globalization, 20 essay topics on globalization, now all that remains is reading the writing guide for essay on globalization, which is our final guide. Let’s head on to that guide and then we’ll leave you to start writing your classification paper  on your own. If you haven’t read our first guide, we highly recommend that you do that before you move on further. Skipping any of the guidelines would actually blur your understanding. References: St. Rosemary Educational Institution. Types of Globalization. Rosemary Educational Institution. http://schoolworkhelper.net/types-of-globalization/ Sandu Cuterela, (2012) â€Å"Globalization: Definition, Processes and Concepts† Revista Romà ¢nÄÆ' de StatisticÄÆ' – Supliment Trim  revistadestatistica.ro/suplimente/2012/4/srrs4_2012a22.pdf Simon Reich, (1998), â€Å"What is Globalization?† Working Paper #261, The Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies  https://www3.nd.edu/~kellogg/publications/workingpapers/WPS/261.pdf David A. Deese, â€Å"Globalization: Causes and Effects† Boston College, USA.  bc.edu/sites/libraries/facpub/deese-globalization/book.pdf Pearson UK, â€Å"Chapter One: Globalization† Part I: Global Business Environment; HE Educators  http://catalogue.pearsoned.co.uk/assets/hip/gb/hip_gb_pearsonhighered/samplechapter/0273752634.pdf Amin, A., Thrift, N. (1995). Globalization, institutions, and regional development in Europe. Oxford university press. Rodrik, D. (1997). Has globalization gone too far?. California Management Review, 39(3), 29-53.

GPS and Telecommunications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

GPS and Telecommunications - Essay Example GPS is a system composed of 24 satellites rotating around at 12,000 feet. The system allows the user to determine the location of something in precise manner. A GPS system can achieve precision within 5 meters. When it was invented in 1978 the system was utilized for military applications. Three satellites allow the creation of 2D images, but when four satellites interlock the user can achieve 3D images (8garnin, 2009). The best attribute that of GPS technology is that its users do not have to pay a penny to gain access to the technology. The fact that GPS is an open source allowed companies to exploit the technology to gain profits. GPS has changed the lives of people around the world. Mobile technology is segment in the communication industry that has benefit a lot. GPS receptor system used to be, but a days a cellular telephone can be converted automatically into a GPS device that allows a person to exactly where he is even if the person is in moving vehicle. A lot of new vehicles come with a GPS as standard feature which allows the driver lo look road maps in and determine the best route to get to the desired location. The map guiding gaps application also applies to mobile phone. The gaps communication capabilities have change the way companies do business. The retail giant Wal-Mart utilizes gps derived application such as radio frequency identification (RFID) in order to determine the location of items. Wal-Mart has the capability to determine the movement of valuable inventory while it is in transit and once it arrives at warehouses it allows the company to eliminate wastage in its supply chain function. Since their costs are lower the company is able to pass those savings on the customer. This example shows how improved communication systems application benefits a large group of people. Another way gps is helping people around the world is by its utilization in agricultural projects. Ground –based weather, plant stage

No Topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

No Topic - Essay Example According to Sanders, the STEM system, introduced in the 1990s, had all along been used by NSF to refer to separate subjects of â€Å"science, technology, engineering, and mathematics while some people thought it STEM education referred to interaction among the stake holders† (2009, p. 20). However, due to the global challenges and competition faced by the U.S from other countries like China and India, the STEM program was heavily backed up by the government by providing funds and advocating the integration of the STEM subjects to other ordinary school subjects (Clemson University, n.d). As a result, the current education system of K-12 in the U.S implements the STEM curriculum and education policy. On the other hand, several forms of integrative stem education can be identified in the American education system. Firstly, integration of engineering with high school education subjects, particularly science and mathematics, is one form of integrative learning that enables and tutors to address problems in the real world (North Carolina State University, 2011). Further, the North Carolina State University states that various strategies have been implemented to enable instructors to incorporate engineering concepts when training students on science and mathematics (2011). This form of integrative learning is important not only to the students but also to the nation as a whole. This is because students are able to identify problems in the real world and provide solutions based on ideas from multi-disciplinary approach. Another form of stem integration is the inclusion of arts and literary subjects to the main STEM subjects. According to North Carolina State University, students need to have an array of diverse skills in order to effective engineer solution to the problems existing in the current society (2011). In this form of integration, students get to learn effective communication skills through the literary subjects something that is important

Minimalist visual artists and composers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Minimalist visual artists and composers - Essay Example The fact that music has more â€Å"space† in time that it has to occupy, along with the fact that the common chords used have emotional resonance means that minimalist music retains a more emotional intensity, while visual art remains more intellectual, as demonstrated by a comparison of Philip Glass’s â€Å"Einstein on the Beach† and John McCracken’s â€Å"Untitled Slab.† Einstein on the Beach begins with deconstructed common chords, before being overlaid by a female ensemble counting to six using the same chord. This is then quickly overlayed with a voice speaking quickly, words barely just too quick to catch any narrative out of (Glass). It then begins with an overlay of male voices singing harmonics and a different group of male voices counting to six using a different octave of the same chord. Each chord used is major, with harmonies communicating a combined sense of joy and loftiness. These musical elements, though deconstructed here, would still be recognizable even to a lay audience, and leave Glass’s music with a distinct emotional punch. McCracken’s work, â€Å"Untitled Slab,† is very different. This piece of work is a painting that resembles, in every element, a large black slab of marble, down to the sense of reflections in its black depth (McCracken). The fact that it looks so almost common place while being made with such distinct skill asks the viewer to engage with art critically; it demands the reader use their mind and think about art as a construct. This consciousness of art as art is common to minimalist visual art, and keeps the viewer at arm’s length, reducing the emotional punch that the art actually has. This means that minimalist visual art, while sharing many similarities with minimalist music, has a very different effect. Minimalist music retains a great deal of emotional punch, while visual art loses it to heightened intellectualism. These

Hobbes Lockes And Rousseaus Imagination Of Social Contract Philosophy Essay

Hobbes Lockes And Rousseaus Imagination Of Social Contract Philosophy Essay Social Contract Theory, is one of the oldest philosophical theories on the origin of state .The original inspiration for this notion is said to have derived from the bible, covenant between God and Abraham and later by the Sophists in Greece, but it is mostly brought up by the writings of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The social contract is moral and/or political obligation dependent upon a contract or agreement between the people to form society. The social contract theory has three main stages of progression, namely- state of nature, contract or covenant and civil society. These three stages provide the basic differences between the theories of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. THOMAS HOBBES THEORY OF THE SOCIAL CONTRACT Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) was an English philosopher and political thinker. The English civil war became the back drop for all his writings. In the context of a number of overlapping conflicts Hobbes wrote various versions of his political theory, begning with The elements of Law (1630s),De Cive(1642),and Leviathan (1651).  [1]   According to Hobbes, the state of nature represented the interactions of human beings with each other in the absence of any kind of relations of political authority. In other words the state of nature represented a state of war. Hobbes believed that the human beings in the state of nature were concerned only with their desires  [2]  . The human nature here was selfish. No person was superior over the other. Hobbes further said that the desire to acquire power never ended and thus it aggravated the state of war where everyone was trying to ensure that no one will stop them from fulfilling their desires of glory. Thus creating a situation favorable for long-term projects, like farming, industry, etc. became impossible. It was a situation of continuous fear and violence. In such condition there is no place for industry, because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth; no navigation, nor use of commodities that may be imported by sea; no commodious building; no instruments of moving and removing such things as require much force; no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. -Leviathan Such a state called for some laws to be enforced. Hence the need arose to have an authority that would enforce the laws of nature and help man to fulfill his desires in a more efficient way. This led to the signing of the Social Contract between men leading to the formation of a state as well as a sovereign. In such a state or commonwealth, as stated by Hobbes, men authorized a particular individual or a group of individuals to perform all actions. Moreover men also gave up certain rights on a condition that such rights were also given up by the entire multitude. A commonwealth is said to be instituted, when a multitude of men do Agree, and Covenant, every one, with every one, that to whatsoever Man, or Assembly of Men, shall be given by the major part, the Right to Present the Person of them all (that is to say, to be their Representative); every one, as well he that Voted for it, as he that Voted against it, shall Authorize all the Actions and Judgments , of that Man, or Assembly of Men, in the same manner, as if they were his own, to the end, to live peaceably amongst themselves, and be protected against other men. -Leviathan Hobbes sovereign had absolute authority. His judgments and actions could not be questioned as this sovereign was not a part of the social contract. Opposing this sovereign meant opposing oneself as this sovereign represented the people itself. The only right that men had against this sovereign was the right to life or self-preservation. JOHN LOCKES THEORY OF THE SOCIAL CONTRACT Initially, although John Locke (1632-1704) believed in the absolute power of the monarchy and religious uniformity, his stance changed drastically later. His changed stance is best put forward in the work Two Treatises of Government. Unlike, Hobbes for whom the state of nature is a state of war, Lockes state of the nature is the state of peace, Good Will, Mutual Assistance, and Preservation.  [3]  His theory brings out that man is a wise, sociable being who can judge the ill effects of going to war with men. It can be noted that Lockes has positive view of the state of nature and of human beings. Locke brings in the concept of private property which in all probability leads to inequalities of wealth. In order to ensure the security of the natural laws, and the inequality of wealth, man to enter into a community governed by a set of laws and the government. Locke disbelieves in censorship by the state, and says that state must exist and function separately from the people. The main goal of state is to ensure personal safety and protection of personal property rights. If it fails so he empowered people to revolt against the state, and, to go for a revolution if it abuses its authority. Hence unlike Hobbes, Lockes government is not absolute. Its powers are limited to an extent where it starts encroaching on public good. JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAUS THEORY OF THE SOCIAL CONTRACT Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) remains one of the first thinkers to offer us a strong critique of modern social and political institutions in the name of the modern values of equality, liberty and democracy.  [4]   Rousseaus theory on the state of nature shows in progressive stages how men, from behaving like animals, transform themselves into a society. This society, according to Rousseau, is not civil at all as it gives rise to more corruption and negative feelings in Mans mind. Thus Rousseaus view point differs from Hobbes or Locke who believe in the transformation of men from the state of nature to a more civil society. Rousseau in his theory favours men in the state of nature in which they only have natural differences rather than having political, social or economic differences. But however we have no moral liberty in the state of nature, because we have not yet developed a moral sense. This moral sense can only be born in society, and we need to establish a society in which, not only do we preserve the liberty of the state of nature, but also provide the conditions for us to achieve moral freedom.  [5]  So in order to solve this problem men enter into a social contract. The new polit ical entity which is formed as a result of this contract reflects and works for the general will. This general will leads to the protection of individual liberty which as a corollary leads to the removal of economic, social and political inequality. Thus; Rousseau says; that it is only because of this general will that the sovereign is indivisible, inalienable and infallible.  [6]  Because of this people are ready to lay down even their right to self-preservation. This concept, as clearly seen, is a stark contrast to Hobbes and Lockes theory. In this way one sees that all three Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau differ in their theories of the Social Contract. All three of them start off by describing the state of nature and mans progression into civil society. But, however, the reasons which force man into such a society differ from one author to the other. This, in turn, leads them to have a contrasting view point on the powers and duties of the sovereign as well the state. Despite the differences in their viewpoints, their theories have one common thread running through them which reflects that The Social Contract is the best way to maintain peace and order. Though this end propagated by them is the same, the means and prerequisite conditions differ.

Importance of Foreign Market Entry

For a business organization to grow, it has to constantly find new opportunities to exploit. Globalisation is a large driving force that has led to the trend of the rising number of business organizations operating beyond their home country. As with globalisation,there is now a decrease in trade barriers which makes doing business abroad easier. Likewise,there is also an increased in the number of competitors in the local market and many a times, a organisation has to expand into a new foreign market so as to achieve a higher market share. One major pushing force for a organisation to go abroad is the limited opportunities in the local market which could either have no need for the organisation’s offerings or the market could be quite saturated. A global market,on the other hand,offers endless possibilities and a bigger market. Consider a small country like Singapore which only has a population of close to 5 million, a business organisation can do so much more with an expansion overseas whereby the population size is many times the local population. Local companies like Eu Yan Sang (traditional chinese medicine) or Prima Taste have their products located in different parts of the world where there are definitely a demand for it. Consider the Chinatown in London where many Chinese nationalities are currently residing/studying at. Chinese products that are found in their home countries are bound to appeal to them due to the brand familiarity as well and if there is a demand for such products,business organisations can reap from the benefits by supplying these products. This is also the case for many agriculture industries whereby the production of the products are far much more than what the population can consume. The amount of coffeebeans that are harvested in Latin America are more than sufficient for its population and organisations can make a profit out of it by actually selling the excess. The importance about a global expansion is also the competitive advantage the organisation is able to to reap. Firstly, the organisation may become more fficient due to the larger market size. Economies of scales which was previously not attainable due to the limited population size can now be realised as the number of markets and customers increase. Underutilised machinery can also be put to fuller use as the number of orders increases. For another class, we actually visited the Manner production plant in Vienna and we noticed that many of their machines were not running at full capacity. By exporting overseas and increasing the demand for Manner products,this can actually help increase the production and make better use of these machines. Besides achieving economies of scale, the organisation may be able to reap the benefits of an experience curve and this can further bring cost of productions down or making the organisation a more efficient one. Another advantage of a foreign market entry is that it can actually increase the product life cycle when it is sold in less developed countries. For a product with a short life cycle(especially technology gadgets),exporting it to other less developed countries can prolong its cycle as the level of sophistication and technology that is demanded might be lower. Consider the case of cellphones in a developed country like Japan. New models of cellphones are constantly introduced and it will not be long before a model is phased out. Manufacturers of the older model can then find a new market in a less developed market (for example, India) that does that require the newest technology but just require the cell phone for its basic functionality.

Life of Pi Response

Life of Pi: Reading Response When I began reading ‘Life of Pi’ by Yann Martel I had little expectation it would peak my interest. I expected it to be a boring school assignment that I would have to get through, process the information and put on paper. To my relief, this book was completely the opposite. I must admit, the beginning chapters were quite dry. I would have never chosen in the beginning of a book to mention a sloth, probably the most uninteresting mammal ever. Slowly, the book progresses to where it gives you a little background information on Piscine Patel and his life in India. In part one, I really liked where Mamaji taught Piscine to swim. Looking back it proved to be a very important for Pi’s survival I dislike stories where the hero’s journey is clearly defined anda once weak man overcomes unrealistic circumstances to become a stronger man. That was not the case in this book. I like the realness of the book, especially in the case of Richard Parker. He wasn’t personified in any way really. He was what I think a natural tiger would be given the conditions. What I really enjoyed about this book was the deep thinking it evoked. The author allowed you to come to your own conclusion as to whether the story with the animals or the story with the people was true. Normal logic and reasoning tells you that the story with the people would be right, because the chance of the story with the animals happening is hard to believe. Both stories have the same circumstances and follow the same events. The zebra represents the sailor, the hyena is the cook, the orangutan is the mother and Richard Parker is Pi, but I believe the story with the humans is the true story. I think that the story with the animals was Pi’s way of coping with the reality that his mother was murdered and that he murdered someone as well. I believe the choice that the members of the Ministry of Transport had to make about the stories is a metaphor for religion. Science and many religions all have an explanation for certain events and some seem farfetched, yet they could all be possible. In the end, it’s all up to what you believe, and the way you interpret it.

Gideon v Wainwright essays

Gideon v Wainwright essays Clarence Earl Gideon was charged in a Florida state court with having broken and entered a poolroom with intent to commit a misdemeanor. Appearing in court without funds and without a lawyer, Gideon asked the Florida state court to appoint counsel for him, whereupon the following troubles took place. The only way Gideon would be appointed a lawyer if it was a capitol offense. After his conviction, Gideon filed in the Supreme Court of Florida the present habeas corpus petition, attacking his conviction on the grounds that his federal constitutional rights were violated by the trial court's refusal to appoint counsel. The court, without opinion, denied relief. After going back to trial the Supreme Court found in favor of Gideon. In doing so it declared that all defendants in felony cases have the right to an attorney. Justice Hugo Black, stated that the court was "returning too...old precedents, souder we believe than the new." In a opinion by Black, expressing the views of seven members of the Court, it was held that the Sixth Amendment's provision that in all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to have the assistance of counsel for his defense was made obligatory upon the states by the Fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court of the United States reversed, overruling Betts v. Brady, wherein it had been held that due process of law does not require that in every case, regardless of circumstances, an indigent accused must be furnished counsel by the state. Gideon recieved a new trial with a lawyer and the jury acquitted him. Can people afford lawyers, most poverty stricken people can't? Gideon was a poor man who could't pay a lawyer to help him in his case, so he was considered a layman at his trial. Most people don't know of Clarence Earl Gideon or realize how much his case effects us in our everyday life. Gideon's case with the Supreme Court of the United States shows in the meranda rights, and in ...

Describing Angela Carter Essays

Describing Angela Carter Essays Describing Angela Carter Essay Describing Angela Carter Essay Essay Topic: Beauty and the Beast and Other Tales Delicious, eccentric, opulent, cruel corrupt: all of these adjectives appear in the story The Bloody Chamber, which do you find helpful in describing Angela Carters style?  In the order of the above title the words valorously mean; appealing to the senses. Deviating from convention in bizarre manner, abundant and plentiful, causing pain without pity, morally deprived and lacking integrity. It would be fair to say that all the above words are helpful in describing Angela Carters style but in varying degrees. The very nature of the stories themselves are cruel ass indeed they were in their original form so it is not totally accurate to say this is her own style exactly. However, there are flashes of pure cruelty, non-essential to the plot. For instance in The Bloody Chamber the count bans his new wife from entering his den but adds cruelly There I can go you understand, to savour the rare pleasure of imagining myself wife less. It is cruel to say this to a new wife and subtly cruel also as we learn the secret of the chamber. In the same story we hear of the Marquis who used to hunt young girls to kill them who boasts of his conquest to the blacksmith, pulling out of a bag a head to show off A find specimen of the genus brunette, eh, Guillaume? It was the head of the blacksmiths wife. Both incidents are little titbits of pure cruelty. Opulent is probably not an adjective you would expect of these quite violent tales, but the sense of opulence is seems to add to the pathos of the stories. In The Bloody Chamber we are shown the Counts wealth I drew my furs about me broad stripes errene and sable. It illustrates that wealth is no protector from death and the dead animals around her neck although opulent could be seen to symbolise her own death. He also tells of his great portrait collection of Gangues, Poussins, Fragonares etc (all of victims incidentally) and he tells of his Kings of Sevres and queens ransom of himoques. The description of his wealth is most detailed and certainly opulent. Carter also uses opulence in a non-materialistic sense. In The Lady of the House of Love She uses opulence of nature. Too many roses, too many roses bloomed on enormous thickets and the flowers themselves were almost too luxuriant. Delicious ties in quite well with opulent as something enjoyable and appealing to the senses and as such features a lot in the story, The Bloody Chamber. Funeral lilies whose white sheaths are curled out of a flesh as thick yielding to the touch as vellum. It is a deliciously sensual description using the senses of touch. Later in the same story she appeals to the sense of taste giving a vivid description of a meal. An aromatic soup a cold bird, a cold souffl, cheese all temptingly delicious sounding. She continues to tempt the senses with a visual feast of the Russia they knew Black earth, blue forest white nights of cool summer, the fireworks of the northern lights. She brings smell into the range also, The thick, rich wild scent hangs all about us.. This leaves us with eccentric and corrupt. Throughout the whole book, there are flashes of eccentric behaviour. In the first story, the heroines mother, having previously despatched a man-eating tiger kills her daughters husband. In Mr Lyon we are treated to a King Charles spaniel taking the part of a manservant. Continuing into the Tigers Bride the maid is automation. In The werewolf a small child maims the wolf and calmly cleans her knife and walks on. This brings is finally to corrupt which in my opinion is the most appropriate of all the adjectives and the most widely used in the book. Not only does Angela Carter use corrupt passages, each and every tale is corrupt in some way of form. They are all stories based round moral depravity and lacking in integrity. The lady of the house of love embodies corruption. The them of the tale of a vampire killing for blood is a corruption of life itself and the story is full of further images. She is too beautiful she is unnatural her beauty is a symptom of her disorder, her soulessness she rises when the sun sets. Shortly after this she uses the word herself a blast of rich, faintly corrupt sweetness strong enough almost to fell him plush petals somehow obscene in their excess tightly budded cores outrageous in implications with this paragraph. Carter demonstrates that it is not only humanity that can be corrupt? She emphasises this with one feeding off the other. Tomorrow, her keeper will buy his bones under her roses. The food her roses feed on gives them their rich colour, their smoothing colour, that breathes lasciviously of forbidden pleasures. Man and nature corrupting each other. The story of The Bloody Chamber shows corruption at its best, indeed the count himself is a descendent of Catherine de Medici one of historys most corrupt, amoral characters. The twist to corruption in this tales is that the heroin as we perceive her to be is fallible enough to sense it in herself. I sensed in myself a potentially for corruption that took my breath away. The count catches his young innocent wife reading through his erotic books and taunts her with the words My little nun has found the prayer books has she?. He alludes to what must be the ultimate corruption that of a bride of Christ. He tells his bride that he has bought her with Coloured stones and the pelts of dead beasts. Who is the most corrupt? The giver or the taker? The final depravity he wishes to inflict upon her is baldly stating to her the form of her impending death decapitation he wants her to bathe and dress and be jewel herself for her execution, the behaviour of a totally corrupt individual.  Angela Carter sees the world as a corrupt place peopled by corrupters with nature lending more that a helping hand. The line that sums this up perfectly comes from the Company of Wolves She knew the worst wolves are hairy on the inside.

Microsoft To Issue Record Number of Patches Essay

Microsoft To Issue Record Number of Patches - Essay Example To find the average of values in B3 and B4, a formula = (B3+B4)/2 is typed into, say cell E2, giving the4 average. Entering a value into the cell causes the value to be visible in the formula thus enabling it to be changed without edition of the formula. The easiest way to enter cell references into formulas is by typing the reference. To use values in B4 and B6 in a formula meant to calculate monthly revenue, one types in = B4+B6 then enter to get a result. However, it is much easier to utilize functions, which are algorithms that can be followed, by excel, to attain a result (Smart 5). To get the average of values in B3 and B4, one could type = then type the average function’s name, followed by a left parenthesis, then the two cells. After typing a colon, excel discerns that one is defining a cell range. On entering the cell references, one types, a right parenthesis and then presses enter to get the result. Charts display a series of numeric data in the form of a graph in order to make it easier to understand enormous quantities of data, in addition to the relationships, between the data series (Smart 7). Excel supports many chart types that help one to display data in a meaningful manner. Charts have many elements with some displayed by default, and others added when needed. The display of the elements in the chart can be changed by moving them to different chart locations, adjusting their size or reformatting them. The spreadsheet consists of a chart area, plot area, plotted data points, category (horizontal) and value (vertical) axes, chart and axes titles, and data labels. After the creation of a chart, any of its elements can be modified. One can change the chart axes’ display, add data labels and titles, add a data table or legend, and apply a special option for every type of chart. To add a chart title, one click where the title is to be added, clicks chart title on the layout tab, clicks above chart, then types the

Customer Satisfaction and the Banking Industry Essay

Customer Satisfaction and the Banking Industry - Essay Example Other important reports include those by P Carrol and F Reichheld, titled The Fallacy of Customer Retention, as well as the paper by M S Krishnan et al, titled Customer Satisfaction for Financial Services: The Role of Products, Services and Information Technology. These papers have important notes on not just acquiring customers but also retaining them - which is where customer satisfaction comes into play. This paper is based on the case study of ICICI Bank in India. Therefore, the information found on its website was used as well. In this case it is important to note that most of the texts used are journal articles are this is a very topical theme and it requires special classification which most books are not able to offer. With a variety of other papers that revolve around the theme of customer satisfaction and banking services, it is imperative to mention that there is still a lot of scope for research in terms of finding niche markets and catering to customers from these areas with a focus on need specific programs. Customer Satisfaction - Conception and Implications Customer satisfaction may be defined as that sphere within an organisation's operational area where the transmission of information and services with a focus on time and quality takes place. Customer satisfaction is an important tool with which it is easy to harness the potential of expanding one's customer base manifold. In the banking sector, this theory has special importance owing to growing competition and the fact that it is a service based industry where there is maximum human interface. The tools for measuring customer satisfaction include surveys as well as applying statistical analysis like the customer satisfaction index to which essentially... Customer satisfaction may be defined as that sphere within an organisation’s operational area where the transmission of information and services with a focus on time and quality takes place. Customer satisfaction is an important tool with which it is easy to harness the potential of expanding one’s customer base manifold. In the banking sector, this theory has special importance owing to growing competition and the fact that it is a service based industry where there is maximum human interface. The tools for measuring customer satisfaction include surveys as well as applying statistical analysis like the customer satisfaction index to which essentially measures market share and profitability. This will help provide an empirical base for any hypothesis on the basis of which models and programs may be formulated. Factors influencing customer satisfaction in Retail Banking in UK, author Anita Chakrabarty has pointed out how the last two decades have been seeing an increase in competitiveness in the retail banking sector in UK. This has a strong connection with the various activities that have been triggered in the banking industry all over the world. ICIC is a bank that has taken this conception one step forward by applying it in the context of the loyalty business model. Thus, one will find that the banks are now in a race towards consolidation of their positions and mergers. In this regard, they have realized that the primary focus of their activities must be on the optimum satisfaction of the customers.

ART Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

ART - Essay Example Foster, Krauss, Bois, and Buchloh focuses on a crucial event—how the seminal work is created, how the artistic manifesto is published and the opening of a major exhibition; this crucial event tells us the story of enchanting diversity of practice and interpretation that characterizes the art of the twentieth century. Nevertheless, they made a point to explain in detail all the turning points and breakthroughs of modernism and postmodernism. 1. Modernism is generally an artistic approach, which dominated the European and American art and literature in the Twentieth Century. The key features of modernism are thought to be the principles of formalism and the autonomy of art. 3. The third aspect is the concept of the avant-garde, which challenges the dominant artistic culture. Often referred to as "inner logic of modernism", this critical force makes the art move forward towards Postmodernism. Characterized as a critique of Modernism and the project of modernity, Postmodernism is best understood as a part of a cultural shift which has been felt in science, philosophy, and the arts. Culture is seen by others (e.g. Jean Baudrillard) as an endless play of imitation (simulation) which signals the end of authenticity and reality and the emergence of "hyperreality" (Baudrillard 1049-50) 2. Interventionist is when the artist becomes a manipulator of signs rather than a producer of Art. The viewer becomes "an active reader of messages rather than a passive contemplator of the aesthetic"(Foster 1066). This form of Art is described as "a social sign entangled with other signs in systems productive of value, power and prestige" (Foster 1066) This critique of Modernity often takes the form of a challenge to the norms and values of western culture as a whole. But this critique is losing its popularity. If we still don’t have an answer to Hal Foster’s 1996 question, â€Å"Whatever Happened to

Fat is a Feminist Issue Essay Example for Free

Fat is a Feminist Issue Essay Susie Orbach writes about the reality that many women face with problems of obesity, overweight, social roles, and sex-stereotypes in the US. In â€Å"Fat is a Feminist Issue† the author writes in extend to the main problem that women face with overweight in America, how it has become a serious issue in the topic of obesity, and the typical â€Å"sex-role stereotypes† differences that exist today (449). Manipulated by media ads and the pressure on women to pursue the ideal physical and beauty appearance, Orbach claims that women have been the target of a â€Å"ten billion dollar industry waits to remold bodies to the latest fashion† year after year (451-52). In addition to this, Orbach gives us some background history on fashion and how media ads affected the thinking of those young ladies who lived in the 60’s and 70’s, where television started to be a mainstream along with magazines and radio. Orbach writes that in the 60’s, there were only three ways to â€Å"feel acceptable† within one’s society: to be skinny, flat chested and straight hair (451). By the 70’s the fashion was the opposite. Clearly, this statement clarifies the historical example of the classic American culture, slammed by media ads in which women are bombarded with new fashion styles and new trends every year. The fact of the matter is that Orbach claims that being fat is a â€Å"culturally defined experience of womanhood† (449), however, she calls society to make a change in this issue in which women are constantly fighting a never ending war of overweight and obesity. Response After reading this essay I’ve found there are reasons as to why women in our society today overeat. In terms of overeating, and the pressures society places on women, I agree that sometimes society place too much pressure on them to look or be a certain way. There are indeed some overweight woman who are perfectly healthy, and others who are not. Although, the issue comes when we try to impose what our idea of healthy is, or what it is supposed to look like from our on perspective onto them. This can drive people to depression, and all types of other bad habits like overeating. I also believe that Orbach, was correct when she stated that self –image, and self- consciousness, play a big role in this subject as well. She states that by not living up to the standards placed by society, would essentially be deeming oneself as an outcast, which in today’s society is very true. Those who cannot/ do not keep up with the latest trend, look, and style are no longer considered to be â€Å"in† which is ridiculous. Women especially, should be able to be them despite what new trend comes about, how many more people become skinnier, or whatever the case may be. We should teach that being comfortable in one’s own skin is what is key, staying healthy, and then working one becoming a better you is what comes next. This essay showed me that if one really took the time to think about it, being â€Å"fat† really could be looked at as a social disease that we ideally created and placed on them. I agree, that society, gender roles and the expectations that we place on women can be directly correlated with overeating and obesity. For me, obesity and overeating is something I never quite understood, nor took the time to really critically think about until now. I was skinny as a young girl; my weight was under one hundred pounds and therefore never having to think about being â€Å"fat†. As I got older, I started to gain weight, reaching one hundred and thirty pounds, and then I started thinking â€Å"Wow! I’m fat†. Then I became pregnant and gained more weight, I was â€Å"HUGE† in my eyes. After giving birth I became obsessed with my weight and body image. I started to exercise and eat healthy to lose the weight; I felt pressure from society, family, and friends to lose the weight because I had always been so thin. I even went to the extreme of having lipo after I couldn’t lose the weight by eating right and exercise. That period of my life was a dark and sad time for me; my family didn’t know about my depression, I was under so much pressure to look perfect! Orbach, also touches a subject that I kind of disagree with as she explains: â€Å"the relegation of women to the social roles of wife and mother has several significant consequences that contribute to the problem of fat† (450). The social roles have played an important role in the American culture, especially in women where it’s always the classic stay home mom, taking care of kids and the husband being the only provider. Under these circumstances, perhaps, women don’t feel the necessity to present an ideal physical image once they are married, or to what she claims it’s a â€Å"response to the inequality of sexes† where women feel less valuable and they express some type of rebellion towards the stereotypes that society has created of â€Å"being fat† or impulsive eating disorder (448-49). Reason I don’t agree completely with this subject is because, I know many stay at home mom’s that do want to stay looking good, and feeling good, not only for them, but for their husband and children. Overall, Susie Orbach’s article â€Å"Fat is a Feminist Issue† was a very good one. It teaches us that we should not imply our own beliefs of what the ideal woman should, or should not look like. While at the same time understanding that obesity and overeating are driven by something, some struggle, expectation, or pressure. This implies that would should not be so quick to say being â€Å"fat† is simply a choice that some individuals make and that, that is all there is to it, because there can be other factors. Works Cited

I Intend to Pursue Engineering :: College Admissions Essays

I Intend to Pursue Engineering The college admissions and selection process is a very important one, perhaps one that will have the greatest impact on one’s future. The college that a person will go to often influences his personality, views, and career. Therefore, when I hear people say that â€Å"it doesn’t matter that much which college you go to. You can get a good education anywhere, if you are self-motivated,† I tend to be rather skeptical. Perhaps, as far as actual knowledge is concerned, that statement is somewhat valid. Physics and mathematics are the same, regardless of where they are taught. Knowledge, however, is only a small piece of the puzzle that is college, and it is in the rest of that puzzle that colleges differ. At least as important, or even more important, than knowledge, is the attitude towards that knowledge. Last year, when my engineering team was competing in the NEDC Design Challenge, held at Hopkins, after the competition I and a few friends talked to a professor of civil engineering. What struck me is the passion with which he talked about his field of study. At Hopkins, everyone-the students, the faculty, the administration-displays a certain earnestness about learning. This makes Hopkins a good match for me, as I, too, am very enthusiastic about the subjects I study. I love learning, and when those around me do too, it creates a great atmosphere from which everyone benefits. My enthusiasm and activeness extend not just to academics, but to other aspects of life as well. I am very involved in extracurricular activities, participating in my school’s engineering club and math team, and I love sports, having played on the varsity soccer and tennis teams for three years. This makes Hopkins, with its great sport traditions and a multitude of clubs and organizations, a great choice. Further, while in college I intend to explore new activities. Because of my school’s small size and dual curriculum, there is a relatively narrow spectrum of activities available for me. Hopkins affords a great opportunity for me to branch out and participate in organizations to which I previously had no access. Another aspect of Hopkins that attracts me greatly is its student body, diverse and multicultural, but at the same time uniformly strong academically. Since I myself am a refugee from Russia, where I experienced social and cultural anti-Semitism, multiculturalism and acceptance of different groups are very important to me, not to mention that it allows me to meet people of different backgrounds and learn of their varying perspectives.

The Practice Of Concrete Repair Health And Social Care Essay

Concrete fix can be defined as the act of regenerating, reconstructing, or replacing of any concrete or concrete surfaces after initial arrangement ( Smoak et al, 2002 ) . In general, the demand for concrete fix can originate from different causes which may change from minor concrete holes or cracks- such as ensuing from minor imperfectnesss due to snap-tie holes or she-bolt holes, to major amendss ensuing from external factors or structural failures. In pattern, it is found that the bulk of the defects can be repaired or made good, while in some instances it is frequently found that the rebuilding of the single member or construction is frequently economical ( Allen et al, 2005 ) . It is agreed in general that the protection and the fix of the concretes are complex undertakings which requires particular attending and incorporate cognition of different specializer Fieldss. Due to the explosive growing of economic systems around the universe and due to the increased investing in substructures ( particularly in footings of care, Restoration and fix ) in the recent old ages, the fix and protection of concrete constructions has become a major subject of both scientific and economic involvement. As a consequence, the building industry has faced many challenges and demands. Underneath these demands lies the fact that the concrete construction deteriorate over clip at unbearable rates. As such, it is extremely necessary to develop the ways by which the life of the concrete constructions can be increased. There is besides a demand for appropriate tools and techniques to transport out the undertaking of fix and care of the concrete constructions within the limited budgets available. It is besides of import to see the importance of environmental conditions to which the concrete constructions are exposed while sing the tools and techniques employed for the fix of the constructions. The field of concrete fix calls for the integrated cognition ( expertness ) of different scientific Fieldss. The basic thought behind this fact is that the edifices or the concretes are confronting different environmental or external conditions and around the universes, the field pose many challenges to both the academe and the practicians likewise. Added to this, the fact that many edifices have their ain history and nature, it becomes necessary to develop and implement single schemes and solutions for the protection, fix and care of concretes. As a consequence of these complications, different basic schemes and solutions has been developed of the fix of the concrete constructions ( Raupach, cited in Alexander et Al, 2009 ) . This highlights the fact that this country requires knowledge from different Fieldss and that the sphere of the topic is more of interdisciplinary in nature.2.2.1 The pattern of concrete Repair:There are different criterions to which the pattern of fix of the c oncrete should be carried out. EN 1504 provides 43 methods to mend and protect the concrete constructions which are based on 11 different rules. However, it is by and large recommended that the interior decorator can take the appropriate solution depending on different conditions like the economical and proficient considerations ( Alexander et al, 2009 ) . It has besides been recommended in the old surveies that while choosing the optimum methods for different state of affairss, the interior decorator should look into in item the particular inquiries such as the needed degree of care, lastingness, and the sustainability ( ibid ) . Many writers have based their plants on the subject of concrete fixs ( Wall and Shrive, 1998 ; Kuhlmann, 1990 ; Plum, 1990, etc ) . Though there are many methods or criterions sing the concrete fixs, it can besides be noted that there is no standard design specification for the fix of the concretes. It can be argued from an beginning that a proper apprehension of why the spots fail could perchance cut down the figure of failures. However, due to the absence of standard design process for the fix of the concretes and the deficiency of apprehension, many research workers have now concentrated their attempts towards understanding the lastingness of fix spots.2.3 Adhesion between the concretes:In the field of concrete research, the adhesion between the concrete is one among the largely researched subjects. This has been argued to be an of import facet that influences the lastingness and the dependability of the spot up or the fix works ( Czarnecki et al, 2007 ) . In general, adhesion which can be considered as a basic issue in the fix of the concretes can be defined as the attachment of two stuffs in contact ( Czarnecki, cited in Alexander, M. G. , et Al, 2009 ) . The EN 1504-10 criterions ( European Standards ) used the term ‘bond ‘ to bespeak the adhesion that takes topographic point between the old concrete and the new concrete. As such, it is an of import factor that can besides find the effectivity of the fix. Fiebrich ( 1994 ) divided the adhesion mechanisms into three types ; mechanical interaction, chemical bonding and thermodynamic mechanisms. The European Standards, EN 1504 provides two ways of look of the formulated bond degree consequences of the adhesion ( Czarnecki, cited in Alexander, M. G. , et Al, 2009 ) . Threshold value in MPa ; towards structural fix ( EN 1504-3 ) : & gt ; 2,0MPa ( Class R4 ) , & gt ; 1,5 MPa ( Class R3 ) ; Pass/fail standards towards structural bonding ( EN1504-4 ) e.g. hardened concrete-to-hardened concrete or fresh concrete-to-hardened concrete: the trial shall ensue in break in the concrete. Once the bond is formed between the concretes, the bond can so be said to be effectual merely if the freshly formed bond ensures an even distribution of the emphasiss and an effectual transportation of burden without failure. Specifically, it has been found that the addition in adhesion, consequences in higher tolerance on non-compatibility belongings of both the old concrete and the new covering stuff ( Czarnecki et al, 2007 ) .2.4 Factors impacting Adhesion:There are many basic theories on adhesion that describe the mechanisms of the attachment between the old concrete and the new sheathing stuff. The chief theories pointed by different writers on the subject are the soaking up theories and the mechanical blocking theories ( Emmons et Al, 1994 ; Santos et Al, 2007 ; Maerz et Al, 2001 ) . Briefly, in the first theory associating to the thermodynamic surface assimilation the intermolecular forces or the Van der waal forces, the chemical linkage through the interface and the H affair increases the bond between the old and the new concrete. The 2nd theory of mechanical blocking can be broken down at two degrees foremost macroscopic in which the raggedness of surface creates mechanical blockings between shea thing and concrete and secondly at microscopic degree, the surface porousness at the interface substrate, comparable to a micro-roughness, facilitates grounding by tangle of hydrates, Bouksani et Al ( 2010 ) . Czarnecki ( 2009 ) in his research about the adhesive facets of the concrete bonds gave a important decision. He concluded that there are many factors impacting the adhesive strengths. These included: The belongingss of the fix stuffs: this included, viscousness, shrinking during puting, surface tenseness, weirdo, etc. Old concrete ( concrete substrate ) : strength of the stuff, presence of drosss, clefts present on the surface and the micro clefts, porousness of the stuff, the raggedness of the surface, etc, . The consequence of the environment: the degree of temperature- the alteration and the rate of alteration, presence of moisture- humidness degree and the alteration of humidness degree, the phenomenon of transportation- suction due to capillary consequence, the loading-mechanical burden, ageing, consequence of corrosion etc, . All these factors mentioned supra could act upon the bond between the concretes. Many of the factors could increase the bonds between the concretes but, in most of the instances, these grounds cause devastation in concrete bonds. Due to these grounds, it is obvious there is still a demand for the High Adhesive Repair Materials to be used in the fix patterns in order to turn to these issues. It has been identified that adhesion will depend on many factors. These are chiefly due to the phenomena that take topographic point at the interface country of the concretes ( Slater, 2001 ) . The chief phenomena includes, raggedness of the stuff surface, presence of wet on the surface, the humidness degrees of the external environment, external burden, wetability of the surface, the belongingss or the influence of the linear stuffs, etc, . The importance of surface raggedness, wet status and bring arounding status is frequently highlighted in many researches. It has been said that the first measure in fix or the care of the concrete after taking the method is to fix the surface of the bing concrete on to which the concrete is to be laid. This may include the remotion of the bing deteriorated concrete bed so that this can be replaced by the new stuff. The strength will depend on the grade of attachment of the new stuff on to the bing stuff. However, the influence of the raggedness and the wet of the surface besides contribute to the overall bond between the old and the new concrete. Therefore, it is really of import to guarantee that the wet and the roughness quality of the surface is achieved to the needed degree before the new concrete is laid on to the bing concrete ( Courard, 2000 ) . The difference in the consequence of the researches carried out by different research workers could be observed on ; the status under which the hardening is carried out ; the humidness status ; the bonding agents used in the experiment ; the temperature at which the trial is carried out ; the age of the specimen ; the type of the trial employed ; the design/setup of the specimen, etc. To this point, Julio et Al ( 2004 ) argued the importance of different trial parametric quantities to be considered while comparing the consequences. They noted that these differences produced contradictory consequences and as such, there is no consensus in the findings. Therefore it is by and large agreed that the comparing of findings appear to be hard. But, to acquire an overview of the current cognition and substantial findings some of the major factors that affect the adhesion between concretes are discussed below.2.4.1 A individual survey sing assorted factors:Wall et Al ( 1988 ) investigated the factors impacting the bond between the old and the new concrete in concrete fixs. The experiment was carried out to research the effects on the bonds based on different parametric quantities. These parametric quantities included the thickness of the bed of the bonds, the ratio of the cement and H2O used in fixing the howitzer, the influence of different conditions under which the hardening procedure was carried out, the influence of wetting the surface of the old concrete onto which the new concrete is laid, the influence of the hold between blending the copolymer PVA bonding agent and its application to the old concrete. The major difference that can be noted from the survey carried out by Wall et Al ( 1988 ) and other researches is the difference in the bonding strength of the specimens incorporating the Portland cement to the specimens that contained Copolymer PVA agents. It was observed in their survey that the specimens that contained Portland cement howitzer were stronger than the PVA agent 1s. Major differences were besides found in the trials associating to the thickness of the new concrete bed or the repair stuff applied to the older concretes. It was found that the strength increased when the thickness reduced ( 1/8 in and 3/16 in proved stronger than the 1/4 in bed ) . However, the writers do non give farther account sing this phenomenon. Notably, the research did non supply clear account about the affect of cement to H2O ratio. The compressive strengths for different H2O to cement ratios were found to be different. Ultimate compressive emphasis for a H2O cement ratio of 0.32 was found to be lower ( 1870 pounds per square inch lower ) than the one which had a H2O cement ratio of 0.40 by this observation, Wall et Al ( 1988 ) concluded that the bond strength between the two concretes decreased as the H2O cement ratio besides decreased. One another determination was about the surface status of the substrate concrete before the application of the new bed. It was found that the pre-wetting of the substrate before the application of the new bed resulted in bettering the strength of the bond. In instances when the PVA bonding agents dried before the application of the fix stuff to the surface, it was found that the compressive strength of the bonds decreased by 10 % . However, it was besides found that the howitzers with PVA modified cements produced higher bond strength. One other of import facet found was the influence of the bring arounding status on the strength of the bonds. Different specimens were cured under different hardening conditions. It was found to impact the ultimate strength. Though it was found that the specimens that were cured under high humidness conditions ( 100 % ) had greater strengths than the 1s cured in less humid conditions, the differences were non considerable. Hence it was concluded that the grade of influence was little when sing other parametric quantities.2.3.2 Influence of Material for the Repair:Though there are many methods that can be followed while mending the concretes, it is advised that proper attention should besides be taken while sing the fix stuff. Once these have been selected, the following of import measure is to clearly understand the conditions that the concrete will see over its life. Some of the cardinal factors are the conditions conditions, chemical exposures, the scope of temperature, the magnitu de of the burden and the continuance to which the concrete is exposed to the burden, the nature of the spot ( aesthetic or structural ) , etc. It is of import to see these facts because different researches in to the field of the concretes have shown that the public presentation of the spot stuff varies under different conditions. It can be argued that proper attention should be taken while choosing the spot stuffs by giving proper consideration to the stuff belongingss of the substrate concrete and the old concrete and the conditions to which the concrete will be exposed over its life. It could be recommended that the stuffs with different belongingss could be selected merely if the bond strengths are non affected and further it does non do any lastingness jobs ( Wipf et al, 2004 ) . However, it is critical to guarantee that the internal emphasiss do non transcend the tensile emphasiss of the substrate ( Wipf et al, 2004 ) .Influence of Adulthood:The bond between the substrate and the new concrete has besides been linked with the adulthood of the sheathing. This was pointed by Delatte et Al ( 2000 ) . To lucubrate over this subject, they linked the adulthood of the sheathing to the bond strength, which in bend was related to the overall strength of the stuff ( interface ) . It was concluded in their research that the early- age strength of the concrete had important consequence on the bond strength and the tensile strength of the stuff. These groups of researches have besides highlighted that sheathing or the interface as one of the major zones of the break. Therefore, harmonizing to Beushausen and Alexander ( 2008 ) , mechanisms of bond failures in relation to the parametric quantities of stuff and the location of failure will necessitate farther research.2.3.3 Influence of Test Method:It has been argued in the old diaries that the quality of the bond strength can be influenced by a scope of parametric quantities associating to the stuff and the conditions o f the environment ( Alexander and Beushausen, 2008 ) . Another of import factor is the trial method used. There are assorted test methods proposed to measure bond belongingss and public presentation of fix stuffs in general. They include the tensile bond, slant-shear, twist-off, flexural and patch trial etc. , However each trial is influenced by different combinations of factors and can non give entirely a full image ( Austin et al,1999 ) . For case, Momayez et Al ( 2005 ) reported in their survey that in few instances bond strength from some trials were upto eight times higher than those obtained from other type of trials. Additionally, it is of import to observe that the mechanical adhesion in tenseness varies well from that in shear ( Alexander and Beushausen, 2008 ) . Therefore, it can be argued that the positions of different writers ‘ will besides depend on the pick of the methods used in finding the bond strength.2.3.4 Condition of the surface of the interface:The bond strength besides depends on the general status of the surface like cleanliness. There is besides particular industry criterions to which the cleansing and preparing of the concrete surface should be carried out before the fix is carried out ( Charles and Scott, 1997 ) . In add-ons to these criterions, there are besides many standard recommendations provided by different makers of the fix material merchandises. The more normally known industry criterions are: ASTM D 4258 Surface Cleaning Concrete for Coating ; ASTM D 4259 Abrading Concrete ; ASTM Standards for Cleaning, Surface Preparation, and Testing ; ASTM D 4285 Indicating Oil of Water in Compressed Air, etc. One of the major points to be considered while cleaning the surface is the presence of the surface contaminations. This can be in the signifier of liquids or solids. There is a possible menace that these contaminations could jobs for the application of the stuff, hardening, adhesion or other things which are critical for organizing the bond between the two concrete beds ( Wipf et al, 2004 ) . It is noted that the presence of dust and unsound concretes are besides a major barrier for organizing a strong bond between concretes. It is recommended that the usage of the doodly-squat cock be avoided when covering with the damaged concretes. Alternatively, the usage of the chisel and cock can guarantee that the structural belongingss of the concretes are non affected ( Ibid ) .2.3.5 Influence of Roughness:The influence of the raggedness to the bond strength between the concretes has been argued by many writers. It has been argued in the old surveies that the add-on of the ordinary concrete on to the interface that is unsmooth green goods better consequences than the 1 that was laid on to the smooth interface ( Garbacz et al, 2006 ) . These findings are similar to the 1s investigated by other writers excessively. Matana et Al ( 2005 ) identified in their research that the bonds between the concretes provided good bond strength when the stuff had unsmooth interface. Similar consequences were besides given by Courard ( 2006 ) . Roughness of the substrate surface is frequently presented as the most of import factor to accomplish a good bond. This betterment is chiefly assigned to the addition of the contact surface ( Talbot et al 94, Santos et al 07 ) . On the other manus through the survey done by Perez et Al ( 2009 ) , while analyzing about the correlativity between the raggedness of substrate surface and debonding hazard, they interpreted by their consequences that increasing of raggedness does non heighten the bond strength. The argument over the influence of raggedness is still an on-going issue and as such, the consequence of the raggedness of the concrete surface over adhesion procedure is non really clear ( Austin et al, 1995 ; Czarnecki, et Al, 2003 ) . Some research workers have argued that there is influence of surface sums on the degree of adhesion that take topographic point at the interface. A seeable sum of ratios between 30 to forty per centums provided better consequences ( Fiebrich, 1994 ) . Fukuzawa et Al ( 2001 ) , argued the being of correlativity between roughness parametric quantities of the material surface and the adhesion strength. Though the raggedness of the stuff is an of import factor, some writers ( Silfwerbrand, 1990 ) have besides pointed the affect of micro clefts that are produced on the surface of the concrete when the surface is treated by different methods to accomplish the raggedness. These sorts of micro clefts are found to deteriorate the quality of the bonds that is formed between the concretes ( Garbacz et al, 2005 ) .2.3.6 Influence of wet:With respects to the presence of wet, recent surveies provide a better apprehension to the subject of influence of the wet on the strength of the bond. Bouksani et Al ( 2010 ) , in their survey on the influence of the raggedness and wet of the substrate surface on the bond between the old and the new concrete, suggest that the incursion of the sheathing stuff into the substrate concrete is chiefly dependent on quality readying of the substrate surface. They besides suggested that the surface of the substrate should be saturated with dry surface- which means that the surface of the substrate is non stagnated with H2O, so that it ensures that a good micro raggedness and a better thermodynamic surface assimilation is achieved. They suggest that the stagnancy of the H2O on the substrate surface can forestall the pores from absorbing the sheathing stuff which can ensue in a weak adhesion procedure. The overall consequence of over stagnancy is that, it will stand as a barrier in the interface zone cut downing the attachment procedure. On the other manus if the substrate stuff surface is dry with really low wet or no wet, this will ensue in the interface absorbing more H2O from the freshly laid stuff. Such a procedure will besides cut down the overall adhesion procedure as this could ensue in higher opportunity of uncomplete hydration of the cement. Therefore, it can be concluded that the wet needs to be present merely to a optimal degree. Excessively much wet or excessively small presence of wet will ensue in a weak adhesion procedure. Similarly, Xu ( 1999 ) besides studied bond strength utilizing oven dry, air dry and concentrated surface dry status of substrate. He reported that prewetting the surface of concrete substrate reduced the bond strength of the specimens used in his experiment from 0.64 to 0.12 MPa However, Saucier and Pigeon ( 1991 ) did n't happen any noteworthy difference between the bond strength of lab dried surface and pre-wetted surfaces in slant shear trial. In another survey, Austin et Al. ( 1995 ) did work on happening bond strength utilizing substrates with concentrated surface prohibitionist, saturated surface moisture and air dry wet conditions. They besides reported no important difference in bond strengths ( about 2.77 to 2.98 MPa ) due to the different wet status of substrate.2.3.7 Influence of Bring arounding Condition:There are a few researches carried out refering the affect of bring arounding status on the shear bond strength. Yee and Ibrahim ( 2010 ) in their survey on shear capacity of precast slabs investigated the difference in consequences for H2O cured samples and air cured samples. The consequences they got were changing with similar raggedness feature of surface but different bring arounding status. For case, a unsmooth surface produced higher shear capacity than a smooth one in air cured status whereas a smooth surface produced 16 to 18 % higher shear capacity in H2O cured conditions. Another noteworthy point was the influence of bring arounding status on the interface strength which was highly variable, as such it decreased by 30 % in smooth and unsmooth surface in H2O cured status where as for the air cured status it increased by 40 % between smooth and unsmooth surface.2.3.6 Influence of Bond Coat:It is common that some external agents are used in the mix to accomplish a higher degree of adhesion. Many writers have different sentiment sing this, chiefly the bond coats like polymer complexs. Some writers ( Silfwerbrand, 1998 ) argue that the bond coats can ensue in creative activity of an excess plane of failing. As a consequence, it has been advised to avo id the bond coats. Further, the bond coats could besides take to the decrease of the meshing consequence ensuing in an overall negative consequence ( Garbacz et al, 2005 ) . On the other manus these statements have been questioned by some other writers. Interestingly, harmonizing to some other writers ( Austin et al, 1995 ; Pretorius and Kruger, 2001 ) , the presence of the bond coats could increase the adhesion procedure between the two concretes. To this point, Garbacz et Al ( 2005 ) conducted a survey to look into the influence of surface intervention of the concretes on the adhesion mechanism between the concrete beds. Different surface intervention methods were used in order to accomplish different qualities of surface on the concrete stuff surface. Additionally, a fix howitzer with coat was applied to the old concrete and the adhesion was measured. The consequences showed that, in the instance of the sheathings applied without the bond coats, the adhesion procedure was influenced by the raggedness of the concrete substrate. Form this, it was concluded that the good bond strength belongingss can be achieved from the howitzer ( repair howitzer ) and the bond coat belongingss. It was further concluded that the belongingss of the bond coats and the howitzer helped in bridging the micro clefts and concrete pieces, and besides filled the surface abnormalities. Therefore, it can be concluded on the recent plants on influence of the surface on the adhesion between the surfaces the roughness status of the surface can be regarded as one of the contributing or act uponing factor in the fix of the concretes. From these treatments on the different factors impacting the bond it can be concluded that the consequences are non ever in consensus and there is still need for surveies to be carried out in this country for deriving farther penetration of the existent behavior of bond with regard to alterations in factors impacting it.2.4 Surface Roughening Technique:There are different ways in which the surface of the stuffs can be prepared to accomplish different raggedness conditions. However, the chief purpose of executing the surface intervention on the substrate is to the brand sure that the unwanted beds that might cut down the adhesion procedure are removed before the new beds of concretes are laid on to the surface. In add-on, this besides ensures that the entire country of surface contact is increased to the maximal degree. The forms and feelings achieved on the surface will depend upon the energy applied and chosen techniques. Roughening Techniques which does non deteriorate the mechanical unity of the substrate stuff must be used. It is of import to see the local status of the concrete under consideration. Consequently, common techniques like chisel and cocks, sandblasting, hydro-jetting, needle gunning, crunching or milling, hammering etc, may be used ( Garbacz et al, 2005 ) .2.4.2 Measurement of Roughness:The raggedness is by and large assessed qualitatively. But, placing the fact that this sort of raggedness rating leads to subjectiveness of consequences, there have been some efforts made to quantify the raggedness. For, case mechanical profilometry was used to distinguish polished and sandblasted concrete surfaces ( Courard 1998, Courard and Nelis 2003 & A ; Courard and Garbacz 2004 ) . Due to some defects of this procedure like viability with lone short surfaces etc. , another method of optical analysis was developed ( Perez et al 2003 ) in order to analyze big surfaces. Subsequently on, these two ab ove mentioned techniques were compared by Courard et Al ( 2006 ) and they concluded that with the combination of these two methods it is possible to acquire a really good description of â€Å" raggedness † at all graduated tables. They besides pointed out some restrictions of these methods sing the form of stylus which would do it impossible to take measurings on really unsmooth surfaces and other restrictions being really clip devouring etc. , In another survey by Courard et Al ( 2004 ) a point which is concluded is that a parametric quantity Xa which is the arithmetic mean of the going of the raggedness profile from the average line is the major discriminating parametric quantity for the comparing of surface readying techniques. In a new method for measuring the surface raggedness Abu Tair et Al ( 2000 ) , studied five different sorts of raggedness including needle gunning. They used a different attack for quantifying the raggedness by associating the sum of raggedness to Roughness Gradient of the raggedness profile obtained. They concluded that the raggedness gradient parametric quantity can give a proper indicant of the chapped surfaces. In this survey an effort is made to happen out a similar sort of parametric quantity to which the sum of raggedness can be related and the chapped surfaces can appropriately be categorized.